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Intellectual Cultural Heritage
13
No.
Domain
Definition
Category
3) “Lacquerware” means the handicraft objects that are
coated with the lacquer that is made from the gum of Rak tree
(Melanorrhoea usitata). Various applications and techniques
are used to make lacquer objects, for example, the gilt lacquer,
gold appliqué on lacquer, Kammalo (Japanese style lacquer object),
mother-of-pearl or coloured glass inlay on lacquer, Pan Kranae
(gilt stucco work), and Khoen (vermillion paint on lacquer).
The gum from Rak tree is viscous and sticky. It holds fast to
the surface of objects and when the gum dries, it makes a smooth
and shiny surface and is resistant to heat, moisture, weak acid
or alkaline. Rak’s gum also acts as a binding agent for Samuk
(ground charcoal of dried banana leaves and lalang grass, used as
a primer on the surface of wood to be gilded with gold leaves)
or other colours;
4) “Pottery” is the handicraft work that uses clay as
the pr incipal raw mater ial . Pottery comes in glazed and
unglazed types. The clay must be mixed with fine river sand,
which helps to make the clay dry well and prevent cracking.
Different types of clay from various sites make for the different
colors of the pottery;
5) “Metal work” means the handicraft objects, mostly for
household use and agricultural work, which are made of iron,
brass, or copper as the principal raw material. Iron-based material
is heated to soften it before being beaten into shape. Brass work is
made by heating brass until it becomes molten before pouring it
into a mould. After it cools down and is taken out of the mould, it is
chased and dressed. Copper is mostly used as the principal composite
in the silver alloy jewellery;
6) “Woodwork” means the handicraft objects made of logs
or planks of wood for use as furniture, altar offerings, altar sets,
costume accessories, tools, weapons, musical instruments, toys,
and vehicles, or as building material in the Khrueang Sap house
(house built by wooden joints, without using metal nails).
Techniques used are carving, sculpturing, chopping, digging,
piercing, turning on the lathe, planning, scraping, and polishing;
7) “Leatherwork” means the folk handicraft objects made
from animal raw hides and skins that are soaked in alkali
solution and tanned to prevent decay and to make them soft
and pliable. Leather work is often used in various ways in
the performing arts and in instruments that require leather;
8) “Folk ornamentation” means the handicraft accessories
used in decorating the body for beauty. At first easy-to-find,
local mater i al s were used, but i n later development ,
t hey we r e r ep l a ced by g ems and p r ec i ou s me t a l s ;
9) “Folk art” means the art objects that concretely
express emotions through craftsmanship for practical use and
for aesthetic value, for example, painting, sculpture, carving,
and casting;